Memory management plays an important part in operating system. It deals with memory and the moving of processes from disk to primary memory for execution and back again. Some basic concepts related to memory management are as follows: Virtual Address Space and Physical Address Space The address generated by the ... Read More

An operating system is a construct that allows the user application programs to interact with the system hardware. Operating system by itself does not provide any function but it provides an atmosphere in which different applications and programs can do useful work. The operating system can be observed from the ... Read More

A distributed system contains multiple nodes that are physically separate but linked together using the network. All the nodes in this system communicate with each other and handle processes in tandem. Each of these nodes contains a small part of the distributed operating system software. A diagram to better ... Read More

To copy a collection to an array, firstly set it − List < string > list1 = new List < string > (); list1.Add("Car"); list1.Add("Bus"); list1.Add("Motorbike"); list1.Add("Train"); Now declare a string array and use the CopyTo() method to copy − string[] arr = new string[20]; list1.CopyTo(arr); ... Read More

StringReader and StringWriter derive from TextReader and TextWriter StringWriter is used for writing into a string buffer. It implements a TextWriter for writing information to a string. For StringWriter − StringWriter sWriter = new StringWriter(); while(true) { myChar = strReader.Read(); ... Read More

The virtual keyword is useful in modifying a method, property, indexer, or event. When you have a function defined in a class that you want to be implemented in an inherited class(es), you use virtual functions. The virtual functions could be implemented differently in different inherited class and the call ... Read More

Non-static classes can be instantiated, whereas static classes cannot be instantiated i.e. you cannot use the new keyword to create a variable of the class type. Non-static classes can have instance method and static methods. Access the members of a static class by using the class name itself, whereas Static class is ... Read More

The FizzBuzz problem states that − Display "Fizz" instead of the number for each multiple of 3, Display "Buzz", instead of the number for each multiple of 5. Display "FizzBuzz", instead of the number for each multiple of 5 & 3 Let ... Read More

The following are the types of expressions in C# − lvalue − An expression that is an lvalue may appear as either the left-hand or right-hand side of an assignment. rvalue − An expression that is an rvalue may appear on the right- but not left-hand side of an assignment. ... Read More

The ArrayCopyTo() method copies all the elements of the current one-dimensional Array to the specified one-dimensional Array starting at the specified destination Array index. The index is specified as a 32-bit integer. The CopyTo() method in C# is used to copy elements of one array to another array. In this ... Read More

To swap two numbers, work with the following logic. Set two variables for swapping − val1 = 100; val2 = 200; Now perform the following operation for swap − val1 = val1 + val2; val2 = val1 - val2; val1 = val1 - val2; The following ... Read More

Virtual The virtual keyword allows a class to be overridden. For overriding a parent class method in the child class, declare the parent class method as virtual. Sealed When a class is declared sealed, it cannot be inherited, abstract classes cannot be declared sealed. To prevent being overridden, use the ... Read More

The following are the differences between overriding and shadowing − Shadowing redefines the complete method, whereas overriding redefines only the implementation of the method. In Overriding, you can access the base class using the child class’ object overridden method.. Shadowing has cannot access the chaild class methos. Shadowing is ... Read More

Overriding Under overriding, you can define a behavior that's specific to the subclass type, which means a subclass can implement a parent class method based on its requirement. Let us see an example of abstract classes that implements Overriding − Example using System; namespace PolymorphismApplication { ... Read More

A structure is a value type data type. It helps you to make a single variable hold related data of various data types. The struct keyword is used for creating a structure. To define a structure, you must use the struct statement. The struct statement defines a new data type, ... Read More