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Text Justification

Certification: Advanced Level Accuracy: 100% Submissions: 1 Points: 15

Write a Java program to format a given array of words such that each line has exactly a specified maximum width. The formatting rules are:

  • 1. Each line should contain as many words as possible.
  • 2. No word should be split across lines.
  • 3. Words should be separated by at least one space.
  • 4. For the last line, words should be left-justified with no extra spaces inserted between words.
  • 5. For all other lines, extra spaces should be distributed as evenly as possible between words, with the extra spaces, if any, distributed starting from the left.
Example 1
    
  
  • Input: 
    words = ["This", "is", "an", "example", "of", "text", "justification."]
    maxWidth = 16
    • 
  
  • Output: 
    [
      "This    is    an",
      "example  of text",
      "justification.  "
    ]
    • 
  
  • Explanation: 
    First line can fit "This", "is", and "an" (2 + 2 + 2 = 6 characters) with spaces in between.
    Total spaces needed for the first line: 16 - 6 = 10 spaces.
    Distribute spaces evenly: 5 spaces between "This" and "is", and 5 spaces between "is" and "an".
    For the second line, fit "example", "of", and "text" (7 + 2 + 4 = 13 characters).
    Total spaces needed: 16 - 13 = 3 spaces, distributed as 2 spaces between "example" and "of", and 1 space between "of" and "text".
    The last line has just "justification." and is left-justified with spaces added at the end.
    •
Example 2
    
  
  • Input: 
    words = ["What","must","be","acknowledgment","shall","be"]
    maxWidth = 16
    • 
  
  • Output: 
    [
      "What   must   be",
      "acknowledgment  ",
      "shall be        "
    ]
    • 
  
  • Explanation: 
    First line fits "What", "must", and "be" (4 + 4 + 2 = 10 characters).
    Total spaces for first line: 16 - 10 = 6 spaces, distributed as 3 spaces between each word.
    Second line has only "acknowledgment" (13 characters) and needs 3 extra spaces at the end.
    The last line has "shall" and "be" (5 + 2 = 7 characters) with 1 space between them.
    Since it's the last line, it's left-justified with 8 extra spaces at the end.
    •
Constraints
    
  
  • 1 <= words.length <= 300
    • 
  
  • 1 <= words[i].length <= 20
    • 
  
  • words[i] consists of only English letters and symbols
    • 
  
  • 1 <= maxWidth <= 100
    • 
  
  • words[i].length <= maxWidth
    • 
  
  • Time Complexity: O(n) where n is the total number of characters in all words
    • 
  
  • Space Complexity: O(n)
    •
ArraysStringsPwCTutorix
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Hint
Solution

Solution Hints

    
  
  • Process the words one by one, keeping track of the length of the current line
    • 
  
  • When adding a new word would exceed maxWidth, justify the current line and start a new one
    • 
  
  • For each line except the last one, calculate the number of spaces needed between words
    • 
  
  • Distribute the spaces evenly, with any extra spaces allocated from left to right
    • 
  
  • For the last line, left-justify the words with one space between each word
    • 
  
  • Pad the last line with extra spaces at the end to reach the maxWidth
    • 
  
  • Return the array of justified lines
    •

Steps to solve by this approach:

 Step 1: Process words sequentially and determine how many words fit on each line without exceeding maxWidth.

 Step 2: For each line, calculate the total length of words and determine how many spaces are needed.

 Step 3: For lines that are not the last line, calculate how to distribute spaces evenly between words.

 Step 4: If spaces can't be distributed exactly evenly, add the extra spaces from left to right.

 Step 5: For the last line or lines with only one word, left-justify the text and pad with spaces at the end.

 Step 6: Build each line according to the justification rules and add them to the result list.

 Step 7: Return the list of justified lines.

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