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Write the name and general formula of a chain of hydrocarbons in which an addition reaction with hydrogen is possible. State the essential condition for an addition reaction. Stating this condition, write a chemical equation giving the name of the reactant and the product of the reaction.
Addition reactions i.e. addition of hydrogen is possible in alkenes and alkynes. This is because of the presence of double and triple bonds, respectively.
The general formula of alkenes is CnH2n and that of alkynes is CnH2n-2
Conditions for addition reactions are:
• Presence of an unsaturated compound, i.e. an unsaturated hydrocarbon.
• Presence of a species to be added to an unsaturated compound.
• Presence of a catalyst such as finely divided palladium or nickel.
When Ethene undergoes addition reaction with hydrogen in presence of Ni as a catalyst, the product formed is a saturated hydrocarbon which is Ethane. The chemical reaction is as follows:
$CH_2=CH_2 + H_2 \xrightarrow [Ni catalyst, heat] CH_3-CH_3$
This reaction is called Hydrogenation.
Updated on: 10-Oct-2022
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