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What is the function of xylem and phloem in plants?
Xylem is the specialized tissue of vascular plants that transports water and nutrients from the plant-soil interface to stems and leaves and provides mechanical support and storage.
All the components of xylem except xylem parenchyma are dead, hence xylem is non-living tissue. For this, the xylem elements need to form a narrow tube-like structure, so that water can rise in the tube through capillary action.
Phloem is the vascular tissue in charge of transport and distribution of the organic nutrients. The phloem is also a pathway to signalling molecules and has a structural function in the plant body.
The phloem is composed of still-living cells that transport sap which is a water-based solution, but rich in sugars made by photosynthesis.
Xylem and phloem help in the transportation of water, minerals, and food throughout the plant. Xylem carries water and minerals from the roots to the leaves. Whereas, phloem carries the food prepared by the leaves to different parts of the plant.
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