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What is adolescence? What are Secondary Sexual Characters and which hormone is responsible for this?
Adolescence The period of life when the body undergoes changes leading to reproductive ability is called adolescence. In humans, adolescence starts at 11 years and lasts up to 19 years of age. Since this period covers the teens, i.e. 13 to 19 years, adolescence is also known as teenage and adolescents are also called teenagers.
Secondary sexual characteristics are those characteristics that are not directly involved in reproduction and emerge during puberty due to the result of hormonal changes in the body. It is observed that these changes are faster in girls than in boys. Some changes are similar in both boys and girls, such as the growth of hairs under chest, armpits, and around the pubic area, increase in height, increased activity of sweat and sebaceous glands, oily skin and appearance of pimples, darkening of the skin colour of the genital area.
While other changes are specific to each gender, which is given below:-
In male- Deepening of voice, Widening of shoulders, Narrowing of hips, Upper body muscular build, Appearance of beard and moustaches. The growth of sex organs (testes and penis). In female- High pitch voice, Widening of pelvis and hips, Initiation of ovulation and menstruation, Enlargement of mammary glands (breasts), maturation of secondary sex organs like fallopian tubes, uterus.
Testosterone hormones produced in the testis of males and Estrogens hormones produced in the ovaries of females are involved in regulating secondary male and female characteristics respectively.
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