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What is a homologous series? Explain with an example.
Homologous series is a group of organic compounds having similar structures and similar chemical properties in which the successive compounds differ by CH2 group.
Example: All the alkanes have similar structures with single covalent bonds and show similar chemical properties, so they can be grouped together in the form of a homologous series.
[Extra information: Certain compounds contain only carbon and hydrogen. Hence, these organic compounds are called hydrocarbons.The hydrocarbons which are members of the same homologous series are:
Alkanes: C3H8, C4H10
Alkenes: C5H10, C8H16
Alkynes: C6H10, C7H12
Characteristics of a homologous series are given below:
(i) All the members of the homologous series can be represented by the same general formula.
(ii) Any two adjacent homologues differ by 1 carbon atom and 2 hydrogen atoms in their molecular formulae.
(iii) The difference in the molecular masses of any two adjacent homologues is 14 u.]
Updated on: 13-Mar-2023
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