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What function does nerve cell perform ?
A nerve cell or neuron is the structural and functional unit of the nervous system. It carries messages between the brain and other body parts.
lt has three components: the dendrites, the cell body, and the axon.
When a stimulus acts on the receptor (it stays in touch with the dendrites of the sensory neuron), a chemical reaction is initiated that produces an electrical impulse in the receptor. This electrical impulse travels from the dendrites of the sensory neuron (say A) to its cell body and, then, along its axon.
When the electrical impulse reaches at the end of the axon of the sensory neuron, the electrical impulse releases chemical substances called neurotransmitters in a very small amount into the synapse between two adjacent neurons.
The neurotransmitter crosses the synapse and starts a similar electrical impulse in the dendrite of the next neuron.
By this way, the electrical impulse passes from one neuron to the next across the synapse.
Updated on: 12-Jan-2023
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