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What are the characteristics of acids? Also, mention the uses of acids in everyday life.
The substances that taste sour are called acid and their nature is acidic.
• The term acid is derived from a Latin word 'acere' which means sour.
• An acid is a molecule or ion capable of donating a proton, or, alternatively, capable of forming a covalent bond with an electron pair.
• Acid turns blue litmus paper to red. Acid is a substance that contains hydrogen ion (H+).
• Acids do not give colour with phenolphthalein indicator and do not absorb carbon dioxide gas. Also, acids do not react with an ammonium salt.
• Natural Acids are the acids that occur in nature, such as, acids present in fruits.
• Acids are generally found in Vinegar, Curd, Spinach, lemons, Citrus fruits, Amla, Tamarind, grapes, unripe mangoes, Citrus fruits such as oranges, etc.
• Acids react with Bases to give Salt and Water
Acid + Base --> Salt + Water
Use of Acids In Daily Life:
Benzoic acid (salt used to preserve food)
Carbonic acid (used to make carbonated drinks)
Ethanoic acid (used to clean metals before electroplating/processing leather/household cleaning/ maintenance of swimming pools)
Nitric acid (used in the production of fertilizers, explosives, dissolution of metals-extraction and purification of gold)
Sulphuric acid (to make fertilizers, polymer, and detergent)
Tartaric acid (manufacturing of sodas, gives tartness flavour to food, and used as an emetic- substance to make someone vomit).
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