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What are the atmosphere and its layers?
Atmosphere
The term Atmosphere derived from the Greek word, atmos meaning vapour and sphaira meaning sphere or region.
It is the blanket of gases commonly known as air, which surrounds Earth.
The atmosphere is very important to us, as it protects Earth by absorbing the harmful solar radiation and regulating heat provided by the Sun, along with this it contains nitrogen, oxygen, and carbon dioxide that is needed by humans and animals to breathe.
The earth's atmosphere comprises various layer such as-
1. Troposphere- It is the lowest layer of the atmosphere. It begins at the surface of the Earth and extends out to about 4 to 12 miles (6 to 20 km). The air that we breathe exists here and all the weather phenomena such as fog, rainfall and hailstorm occur in this layer.
2. Stratosphere- It lies above the troposphere and extends up to a height of 31 miles (50 km) above the Earth's surface. This layer is free of clouds and devoid of any weather-related phenomenon. Due to this aeroplanes fly in the stratosphere for a smooth ride.
3. Mesosphere- It lies above the stratosphere. The mesosphere is extremely cold, where the temperatures reaches as low as -130 degrees Fahrenheit (-90 C).
4. Thermosphere- It lies above the mesosphere. It rises several hundred miles above the Earth's surface, from 56 miles (90 km) up to between 311 and 621 miles (500 - 1,000 km). Satellites are found orbiting in the upper part of the thermosphere.
5. Exosphere- It is the final frontier of the Earth’s gaseous envelope. Extending from the top of the thermosphere to 6,200 miles (10,000 km) above Earth is the exosphere, where weather satellites are.
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