What are roman numerals?

Roman numerals are a numeral system that originated in ancient Rome between 900 and 800 B.C.

In this system, they combine seven basic letters to create small and large numbers.

When it is combined in various forms, these seven letters create new numbers.

Their placement is important, as the same letters create an entirely new number when placed in a different order.

Here they are given from smallest to largest:

Roman Numerals Numbers

I 1

V 5

X 10

L 50

C 100

D 500

M 1000

Rules for understanding Roman numbers are given below: -

1. If smaller numbers follow larger numbers, add the numbers.

Example:

XIII=10$+$1$+$1$+$1=13.

2. If a smaller number precedes a larger number, subtract the smaller number.

Example:

IV=5$-$1=4.

3. Roman numerals don't use four identical letters in a row.

Example:

You'd never exceed III, or 1$+$1$+$1, XXX, or 10$+$10$+$10. Since we can't use four identical numerals in a row, 4

would not be IIII but rather IV, 40 would not be XXXX but, rather, XL.

4 .Any time you see a line, that indicates the number should be multiplied by a thousand.

Example:

When X looks like X̄ that indicates 10 $\times 1000 = 10,000.

5. Always remember to treat each part of the number separately (ones, tens, hundreds, etc.).

Example:

Even though 1999 is one fewer than 2000, you write MCMXCIX instead of MIM because you can’t skip place

value.

6. You can use either capital or lowercase letters to write Roman numerals.

Example:

VI and vi both mean 6.

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Updated on: 10-Oct-2022

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