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The following questions are about the nuclear reactor of a power plant.
(a) Which isotope of uranium produces the energy in the fuel rods?
(b) Will the fuel rods last for ever?
(c) Is the energy produced by nuclear fission or nuclear fusion?
(d) What is the purpose of using the graphite moderator?
(e) What is the function of boron rods in the nuclear reactor?
(f) Why is liquid sodium (or carbon dioxide gas) pumped through the reactor?
(a) Uranium-235 is an isotope of uranium that produces the energy in the fuel rods.
(b) No, the fuel rods wouldn't last forever. But on the same uranium fuel, a nuclear power plant can work day and night for two to three years.
(c) Its energy is produced by nuclear fission.
(d) The purpose of using the graphite moderator in the reactor, is to slow down the fast-moving neutrons in it, to make them fit for causing fission.
(e) The function of boron rods in the nuclear reactor, is as control rods which are used to absorb excess neutrons and prevent the fission reaction from going out of control.
(f) Liquid sodium (or carbon dioxide gas) is used as a 'coolant', therefore it is pumped through the reactor to transfer the heat produced in the reactor by fission to a heat exchanger for converting water into steam.
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