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In a solar water heater, why is the storage tank placed at a higher level than the solar panel containing coils?
In a solar water heater, the storage tank is placed at a higher level than the solar panel containing coils because hot water being lighter and less dense, rises to the top of the storage tank.
Explanation
Solar water heater is a device used to heat water by trapping infrared radiation or heat radiation from the sun. It consists of an insulated copper box that is painted black from the inside and contains copper pipes that are fitted in the form of coils. The box is covered with a glass lid to prevent the loss of heat due to convection and radiation, and the ends of the pipes are connected to the storage tank.
The cold water enters the storage tanks from the bottom and flows into the copper tubes the infrared radiations from the sun get trapped inside the box, as a result, water inside the copper pipes gets heated up and becomes lighter.
The heavier cold water from the storage tanks which is at a relatively lower temperature flows down into the copper pipes, while the hot water as it is lighter rises up and flows into the storage tank.
The circulation of water continues and this process by which water gets heated is known as the thermosyphon effect. Thus, we get hot water.
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