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How would you choose between two characteristics to be used for developing a hierarchy in classification?
Hierarchical classification groups objects according to a hierarchy, or levels and orders. The hierarchical classification includes categorizing species. The widest category is the kingdom, followed by phylum, class, order, family, genus, and species.
For developing a hierarchy in classification, the most basic and visible characteristics are taken into consideration. Such as plants differ from animals due to the presence of chloroplast and lack of locomotion.
After basic characteristics, further characteristics are taken into account.
(i) Complexness of cell
The prokaryotic cell contains primitive kinds of organelles without cell membranes and demarcated nuclei. They have very different biochemical pathways. Compared to this, eukaryotic cells contain membrane-bound organelles with well-developed nuclei and division of labor.
(ii) Cell structure
Organisms can be unicellular or multicellular.
(iii) Mode of nutrition
Organisms that prepare their own food are autotrophic, and organisms that depend on plants or other animals for their food are heterotrophic.
An example-taxonomic hierarchy of humans is given below:
1. Kingdom-Animalia.
2. Phylum-Chordata.
3. Class-Mammalia.
4. Order-Primates.
5. Family-Hominidae.
6. Genus-Homo.
7. Species-sapiens.
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