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How is the equal genetic contribution of male and female parents ensured in the progeny?
In human beings, the equal genetic contribution of male and female parents is ensured through the inheritance of the same number of chromosomes from both parents.
There are 23 pairs of human chromosomes. The first 22 pairs are known as autosomes, while the remaining one is a sex chromosome. A female chromosome contains an XX sex chromosome and a male chromosome contains an XY chromosome. The female gamete fuses with the male gamete during reproduction, forming a diploid zygote.
Chromosomes are structures that look like threads and are found in the nucleus of both plant and animal cells. The human chromosome is one of the most important parts of the cell that is passed down from one generation to the next. It is also the basic unit of life. During cell division, chromosomes help make sure that DNA is copied and spread out in the right way.
In humans, both male and female parents pass on the same number of genes to their children. This is made possible by the fact that each cell contains 46 chromosomes, or 23 sets. These chromosomes can be either X or Y, and there are different sets of them for men and women. All races are the same in that a woman has two X chromosomes and a man has one X chromosome and one Y chromosome.
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