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How do steel forms?
Steel is a hard, strong grey or a bluish-grey alloy of iron, with typically a few percent of carbon (0.2-2% carbon by weight) and usually other elements, to improve its strength and fracture resistance.
Steel is made by heating and melting iron in furnaces where the impurities such as nitrogen, phosphorus, silicon, sulfur and excess carbon (most important impurity) are removed from the sourced iron as they weaken steel tremendously, and alloying elements such as chromium, manganese, nickel, carbon and vanadium are added to produce different grades of steel along with improved strength.
Today, most steel is made by using one of these two processes:
1. Blast Furnace
2. Electric Arc Furnace (EAF)
Updated on: 10-Oct-2022
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