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How can ethanol and ethanoic acid be differentiated on the basis of their physical and chemical properties?
The difference on the basis of physical properties between Ethanol and Ethanoic acid is given below:
| Property | Ethanol | Ethanoic acid |
| (i) State | Liquid | Liquid |
| (ii) Odour | Sweet smell | Pungent vinegar-like smell |
| (iii) Melting point | 156 K | 290 K |
| (iv) Boiling point | 351 K | 391 K |
The difference on the basis of chemical properties between Ethanol and Ethanoic acid is given below:
| Test | Ethanol | Ethanoic acid |
| (i) Litmus test | No change in the colour of litmus solution. | Blue litmus solution turns red. |
| (ii) Sodium hydrogen carbonate test | C2H5OH + NaHCO3 → No reaction No brisk effervescence. | CH3COOH + NaHCO3 → CH3COONa + H2O + CO2 Brisk effervescence due to evolution of CO2. |
| (iii) Alkaline potassium permanganate | On heating, the pink colour disappears. | Does not happen so. |
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