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Explain why chloroplasts are found only in plant cells?
A chloroplast is a green-colored plastid that contains the green-colored photosynthetic pigment chlorophyll. The chloroplasts are an important and exclusive property of autotrophic organisms or green-colored plants.
Chlorophyll is the green-colored pigment found in plants, algae, and cyanobacteria. It is present in the thylakoid membranes inside the chloroplast. Chlorophyll is an important pigment for the process of photosynthesis. It absorbs light to provide energy for photosynthesis to occur.
Function of Chloroplast:
- Light absorption and bioenergy production. Photolysis produces NAPDH2 and oxygen. Photophosphorylation produces ATP. Photosynthesis produces NADPH2 and ATP. During the dark reaction, CO2 from the air is transferred to five carbon sugars.
- Assimilatory capacities break the 6-carbon complex into two phosphoglyceric acid molecules. PGA is converted into sugar and stored as starch. The chloroplast is the plant's kitchen. All heterotrophs eat plants.
- Without specialized immune cells, all plant cells participate in the immune response. Pathogen defense organelles are chloroplasts, the nucleus, the cell membrane, and ER.
- Photosynthesis is the chloroplast's primary function. Sugar is food. Photosynthesis converts light, water, and carbon dioxide into sugar and oxygen.
- Thylakoid membranes undergo photoreactions. Chloroplasts, like mitochondria, utilize the H+ ion gradient to make ATP.
- The Calvin cycle occurs in the chloroplast stroma. Photolysis produces NADPH2 and oxygen. Assimilative abilities break the 6-carbon atom into two phosphoglyceric acid molecules.
Updated on: 09-Jan-2023
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