Explain the following:(a) Speciation(b) Natural Selection

(a) Speciation is the process of the formation of new species either by evolution or by genetic modification of the existing species in a population.

Factors responsible for speciation are natural selection, genetic drift, geographical isolation and mutation.

The organisms with useful traits and higher adaptability will survive. The fittest organism will be able to survive in the world.

Naturally selected over-abundance of offsprings can lead to a struggle for existence. Organisms with variations can survive and reproduce in an effective manner, producing a large number of offsprings with a longer life span.

Offspring of survivors inherit the useful variations to the new generation and this variation becomes an inherited feature. 

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Updated on: 20-Mar-2023

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