Describe the process of neutralisation with the help of an example.

The process of neutralisation is the reaction in which an acid reacts with a base to produce salt and water.

Example: When sodium hydroxide(base) reacts with hydrochloric acid to form sodium chloride and water.

$NaOH(aq)  + HCl(aq) →NaCl(aq) + H_2O(l)$

[Extra information: There are different types of neutralization reactions which may sometimes lead to additional products. Some examples of these types are given below:

Metal carbonate + acid → salt + carbon dioxide + water

Example: $Na_2CO_3(s) + 2HCl (aq) → 2NaCl(aq) + CO_2 (g) + H_2O(l)$

Metal oxide + acid → salt + water

Example: $Na_2O + 2HCl → 2NaCl + H_2O$

Metal hydroxide + acid → salt + water 

Example: $NaOH + HCl → NaCl + H_2O$]