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(a) What would be observed on adding a 5% alkaline potassium permanganate solution drop by drop to some warm ethanol in a test-tube? Write the name of the compound formed during the chemical reaction. Also write chemical equation of the reaction which takes place.
(b) How would you distinguish experimentally between an alcohol and a carboxylic acid on the basis of a chemical property?
(a) On adding 5% alkaline potassium permanganate solution drop by drop to some warm ethanol, we would observe that the purple color of potassium permanganate starts disappearing. The product formed by this process is ethanoic acid that can turn blue litmus red.
The chemical equation for the reaction is given below:
$CH_3CH_2OH + 2[O] → CH_3COOH + H_2O$
(b) Experimentally, we can distinguish between alcohol and carboxylic acid by conducting a litmus test.
Step 1: Take two test tubes and pour about 2 ml of carboxylic acid in one, and 2 ml of alcohol in the other.
Step 2: Add one drop of blue litmus solution in each of the test tubes.
The solution which shows no effect is alcohol. The solution that turns the blue litmus red is a carboxylic acid.
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