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(a) What is spectrum? What is the name of glass shape used to produce a spectrum?(b) How many colours are there in a full spectrum of white light? Write the various colours of spectrum in the order, starting with red.
(a) A spectrum is a band of seven colours, obtained on a screen when a beam of white light passes through a transparent glass prism. To produce a spectrum of white light, a 'triangular glass shape prism' is used.
How many colours are there in a full spectrum of white light? Write the various colours of spectrum in the order, starting with red.
(b) There are seven colours in a full spectrum of white light. The various colours of spectrum in the order, starting with red are as follows:
Red
Orange
Yellow
Green
Blue
Indigo
Violet
Explanation
The phenomenon of splitting white light into its components colours (violet, indigo, blue, green, yellow, orange and red) while passing through a prism is known as the Dispersion of light. In the spectrum, red is seen at the top as it has the longest wavelength whereas violet is seen at the bottom of the spectrum as it has the shortest wavelength.
The cause of the dispersion of light through the prism is because white light is a mixture of seven different colours and they get refracted (bend) at different angles in the prism medium due to differences in their speed and wavelengths. So they get separated.
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