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(a) What is nuclear fusion? Explain with an example. Write the equation of the reaction involved.
(b) Why are very high temperatures required for fusion to occur?
(a) Nuclear fusion
Nuclear fusion is the process by which two nuclei of light elements combine to form a heavy nucleus.
Example:
When deuterium atoms are heated to an extremely high temperature under extremely high pressure, two deuterium nuclei combine to form a heavy nucleus of helium, and a neutron is emitted. A tremendous amount of energy is liberated in this fusion reaction.
Reaction:
$_{1}^{2} \mathrm{H}+_{1}^{2} \mathbf{H} \stackrel{\text { fusion }}{\longrightarrow}\ _{2}^{3} \mathrm{He}+_{0}^{1} \mathrm{n}+ Tremendous\ amount\ of\ energy$
(b) A very high temperature is required for fusion to occur because when two positively charged nuclei are brought together, they repel each other. Therefore, a very high temperature is required to force the lighter nuclei to fuse together to form bigger nuclei.
Image is posted for reference only.
Updated on: 10-Oct-2022
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