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(a) What is meant by short-circuiting in electric supply?
(b) What is the function of earth wire in electrical instruments?
(c) What is the usual current rating of the fuse wire in the power supply line which runs
(i) Lights and fans? and (ii) Appliances of 2kW or more power?
(a) Short-circuiting- It occurs when the plastic insulation of live and neutral wires gets torn somehow and touches each other, then due to this direct touching (connection) of the two wires an electric short circuit occurs. In this case, the resistance of the circuit so formed is very small and therefore, the current flowing through the wires increases heavily.
(b) An earth wire is a safety wire, generally coated with green insulation, connects the metal parts of appliances to the earth. Its function is to conduct the excess current to the earth, reducing the risk of accidents such as fatal electric shock.
(c) The usual current rating of the fuse wire in the power supply line which runs
(i) Lights and fans is 5A
(ii) Appliances of 2kW or more power is 15A.
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