(a) What is a salt? Give the names and formulae of any two salts. Also name the acids and bases from which these salts may be obtained.(b) What is meant by ‘a family of salts’? Explain with examples.
(c) What is meant by ‘hydrated’ and ‘anhydrous’ salts? Explain with examples.
(d) Write the names, formulae and colours of any two hydrated salts.
(e) What will be the colour of litmus in an aqueous solution of ammonium chloride salt?

(a) A salt is a compound formed when a metal replaces the hydrogen atom in an acid.
Example: Sodium chloride (NaCl); It is obtained from the action of hydrochloric acid on sodium hydroxide.
Ammonium chloride (NH4Cl); It is obtained from the action of hydrochloric acid on ammonium hydroxide.

(b) The salt having the same positive ions belongs to a family of salts.
Sodium chloride and sodium sulphate are examples of a family of salts i.e sodium salts.

(c) The salts that contain water of crystallization is called hydrated salt.
Example: Copper sulphate crystals contain 5 molecules of water of crystallization.
The salts which have lost their water of crystallisation are called anhydrous salts.
Example: On strong heating, copper sulphate crystals lose all the water of crystallisation and form anhydrous copper sulphate.

(d)  Copper sulphate pentahydrate salt. Its chemical formula is CuSO4.5H2O. It is blue in colour.
Iron sulphate heptahydrate salt. Its chemical formula is FeSO4.7H2O. It is green in colour.

(e) The colour of litmus turns red in an aqueous solution of ammonium chloride salt. 
 

Updated on: 10-Oct-2022

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