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(a) What is a balanced chemical equation? Why should chemical equations be balanced?(b) Aluminium burns in chlorine to form aluminium chloride (AlCl3). Write a balanced chemical equation for this reaction. (c) Potassium metal reacts with water to give potassium hydroxide and hydrogen gas. Write a balanced chemical equation for this reaction.
(a) A balanced chemical equation has the number of atoms of each element equal on both the left and right sides of the reaction. It has equal masses of various elements in the reactants and products.
Example: $Ca( OH)_{2} \ ( aq) \ +CO_{2\ }( g) \ \rightarrow \ CaCO_{3} \ ( s) \ +\ H_{2} O\ ( l)$
The '+' is read as 'reacts with' and the arrow '' means 'produces'. The chemical formulas on the left represent the starting substances, called reactants.
A chemical equation should be balanced to satisfy the law of conservation of chemical reactions.
(The law states that "matter can neither be created nor be destroyed". If numbers of atoms of various elements are different in reactants' and products' side, it means they are either destroyed or created, which violate the law of conservation of mass. Therefore, all chemical equations should always be balanced.)
(b) Aluminium burns in chlorine to form aluminium chloride (AlCl3). The balanced equation is given as:
$2Al\ +\ 3Cl_{2} \ \rightarrow \ 2AlCl_{3}$
(c) Potassium metal reacts with water to give potassium hydroxide and hydrogen gas
$2K( s) +\ 2H_{2} O( l) \ \rightarrow \ 2KOH\ +\ H_{2} \ \uparrow $
Updated on: 10-Oct-2022
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