(a) What are Sexually Transmitted Diseases (STD)? List two viral and two bacterial STDs.(b) What is contraception? List three reasons for adopting contraceptive methods.

(a) Sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) are infections that are transmitted from an infected person to an uninfected person through sexual contact.

The two examples of sexually transmitted diseases caused by

(i) virus: AIDS (HIV) and hepatitis.

(ii) bacteria: Chlamydia and gonorrhea.

(b) Contraception is an artificial method practiced to avoid pregnancy during sexual intercourse. Contraception method prevents pregnancy by:

     Restricting the production of eggs

     Restricting fertilization of egg with sperm

     Restricting fertilized egg to implant upon the uterus.

Advantages of adopting contraception methods such as condoms are:

(i) It prevents the fertilization of egg and sperm, thereby avoiding the chances of getting unwanted pregnancy.

(ii) Using barrier methods like condom protects the persons involved in a sexual relationship from sexually transmitted diseases.

(iii) To control an increase in population or birth rate.