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(a) In the process of respiration, state the function of alveoli. (b) Rate of breathing in aquatic organisms is much faster than that in terrestrial organisms. Give reasons. (c) Complete the following pathway showing the breakdown of glucose:
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(a) In the process of respiration, alveoli provide the surface within the lungs for the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide from blood during the process of breathing in and breathing out.
(b) The rate of breathing in aquatic organisms is much faster than in terrestrial organisms because aquatic animals breathe from the oxygen dissolved in water. The dissolved oxygen present in water bodies is less as compared to the amount of oxygen present in the atmosphere. Hence, the rate of breathing in aquatic organisms much faster than in terrestrial organisms.
(c) In the pathway of the breakdown of glucose:
(i) Pyruvate - 3 carbon molecule which moves to mitochondria during aerobic respiration for further breakdown to produce energy.
(ii) Carbon dioxide - It is produced as the carbon molecule after glucose breaks down completely to produce energy.
[Extra information for reference:
Alveoli are small air sacs or cavities present in the lungs of human beings. They are also referred to as pulmonary alveoli. Alveoli are present at the end of the tiny branches of bronchioles, in the lungs.
Alveoli provide the surface within the lungs for the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide from blood during the process of breathing in and breathing out.
]
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