(a) Define vegetative propagation. List its two methods.(b) Why is this mode practiced for growing some types of plants?(c) Explain the process of budding in Hydra with the help of labeled diagrams.

(a) Vegetative propagation is an asexual method of reproduction in which plants can grow and reproduce from stems, roots and leaves.

The new plants can grow from the detached part (stems, roots and leaves) of the plant because it has sufficient cells to divide and produce a new individual.

Two different methods of vegetative propagation are cutting and grafting.

(b) Vegetative Propagation is practiced due to the following advantages:

• Vegetative propagation helps in maintaining the characteristics features of the parent plant.
• Cultivation of plants through vegetative propagation consumes less time.
• Vegetative reproduction helps in bringing the desired characteristics of the plant such as immunized to diseases through budding and grafting.
• It helps to develop plant varieties with useful characteristics and also helpful for the plant that rarely produces flowers.

(c) Hydra is an animal with tentacles. It has a small outgrowth called bud on one side of its body by repetitive mitotic division.

(i) During budding, a small bulb-like projection known as the bud develops on the body of the parent organism.

(ii) The bud continues to grow on the parent until it develops and matures into a miniature adult.

(iii) After complete maturation, the bud pinches off from the parent's body and attains the ability to develop independently. The new Hydra detaches itself from its parent and starts living as a separate organism.

(iv) This bud gradually grows into a full hydra, developing its mouth and tentacles. 

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Updated on: 16-Jan-2023

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