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(a) What is meant by rainwater harvesting? Name some of the ancient structures used for rainwater harvesting by the rural people.(b) What are the various advantages of water stored in the ground?
(a) Rainwater harvesting is the method of collection and preservation of clean rainwater directly from the roof and transferring it to the underground constructed tanks that be pumped out for future use.
Rainwater harvesting structures are as follows:
Handpumps, dug wells, rooftop collection of rainwater, filters, flush and pits.
(b)
The various advantages of water stored under the ground are:
(i) Groundwater does not evaporate like open water bodies such as river and lake.
(ii) Groundwater also helps in recharging wells by increasing their water level.
(iii) It also provides moisture for the vegetation over a vast area as roots can absorb the groundwater and provide to growing crop.
(iv) As groundwater is well protected beneath the ground, it is protected from contamination by animals, human wastes and also prevents the breeding of insects.
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