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A ray of light travelling in air enters obliquely into water. Does the ray light bend towards the normal or away from the normal? Why?
When a ray of light travelling in air enters obliquely into water, then it will bend towards the normal, because we know that air is a rarer medium and water is a denser medium, and when a ray of light goes from a rarer medium to a denser medium, it bends towards the normal.
Explanation
The angle of refraction or the amount of bending of light depends on the refractive index
1. When light passes through a low refractive index, like air (faster medium or optically rarer medium) to a high refractive index, like water (slower medium or optically denser medium), its speed decreases and bends towards the normal, making the angle of refraction smaller than the angle of incidence.
2. When light passes through a high refractive index, like water (slower medium or optically denser medium) to a low refractive index, like air (faster medium or optically rarer medium) its speed increases and bends away from the normal, making the angle of refraction larger than the angle of incidence.
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