Fill in the blanks:
(i) The blood from the heart is transported to all parts of the body by the ______.
(ii) Haemoglobin is present in ______ cells.
(iii) Arteries and veins are joined by a network of ______.
(iv) The rhythmic expansion and contraction of the heart is called ______.
(v) The main excretory product in human beings is ______.
(vi) Sweat contains water and _____.
(vii) Kidneys eliminate the waste materials in the liquid form called _____.
(viii) Water reaches great heights in the trees because of suction pull caused by ______.
Correct Answer:
(i) The blood from the heart is transported to all parts of the body by the arteries.
(ii) Haemoglobin is present in Red Blood Cells.
(iii) Arteries and veins are joined by a network of capillaries.
(iv) The rhythmic expansion and contraction of the heart are called heartbeat.
(v) The main excretory product in human beings is urea.
(vi) Sweat contains water and salt.
(vii) Kidneys eliminate the waste materials in the liquid form called urine.
(viii) Water reaches great heights in the trees because of the suction pull caused by transpiration.
Explanation:
Blood circulation: The heart (cardiovascular), lungs (pulmonary), arteries, veins, coronary, and portal vessels make up the human circulatory system (systemic). These systems move blood, oxygen, nutrients, and hormones to and from cells.
The heart has four chambers: the right and left atrium are the upper chambers, and the right and left ventricles are the lower chambers. It's behind and left of the breastbone.
Blood circulation involves these steps:
1. The pulmonary vein delivers oxygenated blood to the heart's left atrium.
2. Oxygenated blood is pumped from the left atrium to the left ventricle through valve V1.
3. When the left ventricle contracts, oxygenated blood enters the aorta, which distributes it to other parts of the body, excluding the lungs, through arterioles and capillaries.
4. Oxygenated blood supplies cells with oxygen, digested food, and dissolved materials. During respiration, carbon dioxide enters the bloodstream.
5. Deoxygenated blood containing carbon dioxide enters the vena cava, which transports it to the heart's right atrium.
6. Deoxygenated blood enters the right ventricle when the right atrium contracts.
7. Deoxygenated blood enters the pulmonary artery when the right ventricle contracts. The pulmonary vein sends oxygenated blood to the heart's left atrium for circulation.
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