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(a) State the various characteristics of chemical reactions.(b) State one characteristics each of the chemical reaction which takes place when:(i) dilute hydrochloric acid is added to sodium carbonate (ii) lemon juice is added gradually to potassium permanganate solution (iii) dilute sulphuric acid is added to barium chloride solution (iv) quicklime is treated with water(v) wax is burned in the form of a candle
- Evolution of a gas
- Formation of a precipitate
- Change in colour
- Change in temperature
- Change in the state.
(i) When dilute hydrochloric acid is added to sodium carbonate: Evolution of carbon dioxide gas.
$Na_{2} CO_{3} \ ( S) \ +\ 2HCl( aq) \ \rightarrow \ 2NaCl( aq) \ +\ CO 2\ ( g) \ +\ H_{2} O( l)$
(ii) When lemon juice is added gradually to potassium permanganate solution: there is a change in colour from purple to colourless.
(iii) When dilute sulphuric acid is added to the barium chloride solution: a white precipitate of barium sulphate is formed.
$BaCl_{2}( aq) \ \ +\ H_{2} SO_{4}( aq) \ \ \rightarrow \ BaSO_{4}( s) \ +\ 2HCl( l)$
(iv) When quicklime is treated with water: there is a change in temperature.
$CaO\ ( s) \ +\ H_{2} O\ ( l) \ \rightarrow \ Ca( OH)_{2} \ ( aq) \ +\ Heat$
(v) When the wax is burned in the form of a candle: there is a change in the state from solid to liquid and gas.
$Wax( s) \ +\ O_{2}( g) \ \rightarrow CO_{2}( g) \ +\ H_{2} O( l) \ $
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