An organic compound A having the molecular formula C3H8O is a liquid at room temperature. The organic liquid A reacts with sodium metal to evolve a gas which burns causing a little explosion. When the organic liquid A heated with concentrated sulphuric acid at 170°C, it forms a compound B which decolourizes bromine water. The compound B adds on one molecule of hydrogen in the presence of Ni as catalyst to forms compound C which gives substitution reactions with chlorine.
(a) What is compound A?
(b) What is compound B?
(c) What type of reaction occurs when A is converted into B?
(d) What is compound C?
(e) What type of reaction takes place when B is converted into C?
(a) The organic compound, A, is propanol (CH3-CH2-CH2OH) which is a liquid (alcohol) at room temperature and reacts with sodium to evolve hydrogen with a pop sound.
(b) When propanol is heated with concentrated sulphuric acid at 170oC, a compound 'B' called propene is formed.
(c) Propanol is converted to propene through dehydration.
The chemical equation for the conversion of propanol to propene is given below:
$CH_3-CH_2-CH_2-OH → CH_3-CH=CH_2 + H_2O$
(d) The compound, C, is propane (CH3-CH2 -CH3) as propene (alkene) adds one hydrogen to form propane in presence of Ni catalyst.
(e) As the conversion of propane to propene involves the addition of hydrogen, the reaction is known as hydrogenation or addition reaction.
The conversion of propene to propane by the addition of hydrogen is given below:
$CH_3-CH=CH_2 + H_2 → CH_3-CH_2-CH_3$
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