PHP - Memcache Functions

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The Memcache module can provide a handy procedural and object-oriented interface to Memcached, a highly effective caching daemon that was specially designed to decrease database load in dynamic web applications.

The Memcache module can also provide a session handler (Memcache).

For more information about Memcached can be found at » http://www.danga.com/memcached/.

Installation

This PECL extension has not been included with PHP. Additional information such as new versions, downloads, source files, developer information, and CHANGELOG can be found here: »https://pecl.php.net/package/memcache.

To use these functions, we must compile PHP with memcache support by using the --enable-memcache [= DIR] option. We may optionally disable memcache session handler support by specifying --disable-memcache-session.

Windows users can enable php_memcache.dll inside php.ini to use these functions. We need to download the DLL of this PECL extension from the »PHP Downloads or » https://www.php.net/manual/en/install.pecl.windows.php.

Requirements

Memcache module can use the functions of » zlib to support on-the-fly data compression. The Zlib has required to install this module.

Resource Types

There is only one resource type used in the emcache module - it's the link identifier for cache server connection.

PHP 4.3.3 or newer has required to use the Memcache extension.

Runtime Configuration

The behavior of these functions can depend on settings in php.ini.

Memcache Configuration Options

For a detailed description of the PHP_INI_* constants, refer to the documentation Where a configuration setting may be set.

• memcache.allow_failover boolean − Whether to transparently failover to other servers on errors.

• memcache.max_failover_attempts integer − Defines how many servers to try when setting and getting data. Used only in conjunction with memcache.allow_failover.

• memcache.chunk_size integer − Data will be transferred in chunks of this size, setting the value lower requires more network writes. Try increasing this value to 32768 if noticing otherwise inexplicable slowdowns.

• memcache.default_port string − The default TCP port number to use when connecting to the memcached server if no other port is specified.

• memcache.hash_strategy string − Controls which strategy to use when mapping keys to servers. Set this value to consistent to enable consistent hashing which allows servers to be added or removed from the pool without causing keys to be remapped. Setting this value to standard results in the old strategy being used.

• memcache.hash_function string − Controls which hash function to apply when mapping keys to servers, crc32 uses the standard CRC32 hash while fnv uses FNV-1a.

• session.save_handler string − Use memcache as a session handler by setting this value to memcache.

• session.save_path string − Defines a comma separated of server urls to use for session storage, for example "tcp://host1:11211, tcp://host2:11211". Each url may contain parameters which are applied to that server, they are the same as for the Memcache::addServer() method. For example "tcp://host1:11211?persistent=1&weight=1&timeout=1&retry_interval=15"

• memcache.protocol string

• memcache.redundancy integer

• memcache.session_redundancy integer

• memcache.compress_threshold integer

• memcache.lock_timeout integer

Basic usage

In this example, an object is being saved in a cache and then retrieved back. Object and other non-scalar types are serialized before saving, so it's impossible to store resources (i.e. connection identifiers and others) in a cache.

Example 1

<?php
   $memcache = new Memcache;
   $memcache->connect("localhost", 11211) or die ("Could not connect");
   $version = $memcache->getVersion();
   
   echo "Server's version: ".$version."<br/>\n";

   $tmp_object = new stdClass;
   $tmp_object->str_attr = "test";
   $tmp_object->int_attr = 123;
   $memcache->set("key", $tmp_object, false, 10) or die ("Failed to save data at the server");
   echo "Store data in the cache (data will expire in 10 seconds) <br/>\n";

   $get_result = $memcache->get("key");
   echo "Data from the cache: <br/>\n";

   var_dump($get_result);
?>

Using memcache session handler

Example 2

<?php
   $session_save_path = "tcp://$host:$port?persistent=1&weight=2&timeout=2&retry_interval=10,,tcp://$host:$port"; 

   ini_set("session.save_handler", "memcache"); 
   ini_set("session.save_path", $session_save_path); 
?>

Predefined Constants

Memcache Constants

Memcache Functions

Following are the Memcache functions −