HTML Tutorial

HTML Tutorial

Table of content

HTML Tutorial

HTML stands for Hyper Text Mark-up Language, which is the most widely used language on the Web to develop web pages. HTML was created by Berners-Lee in late 1991 but "HTML 2.0" was the first standard HTML specification which was published in 1995.

HTML 4.01 was a major version of HTML and it was published in late 1999. Though HTML 4.01 version is widely used but currently we have HTML-5 version which is an extension to HTML 4.01, and this version was published in 2012.

Why to Learn HTML?

Originally, HTML was developed with the intent of defining the structure of documents like headings, paragraphs, lists, and so forth to facilitate the sharing of scientific information between researchers. Now, HTML is being widely used to format web pages with the help of different tags available in HTML language.

HTML is a MUST for students and working professionals to become a great Software Engineer especially when they are working in Web Development Domain. I will list down some of the key advantages of learning HTML −

  • Create a Website − You can create a website or customize an existing web template if you know HTML well.

  • Become a web designer − If you want to start a career as a professional web designer, HTML and CSS designing is a must skill.

  • Understand web − If you want to optimize your website, to boost its speed and performance, it is good to know HTML to yield the best results.

  • Learn other languages − Once you understand the basics of HTML then other related technologies like JavaScript, PHP, or angular become easier to understand.

HTML Online Editor

We offer an HTML Online Editor that enables you to edit and execute HTML code directly within your web browser. Simply click the "Run" button icon to see the HTML Hello World program in action.

Example

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
   <title>Hello, World!</title>
</head>
<body>
   <h1>This is a heading</h1>
   <p>Hello World!</p>
</body>
</html>

Applications of HTML

As mentioned before, HTML is one of the most widely used language on the web. I'm going to list few of them here −

  • Web page development − HTML is used to create pages that are rendered over the web. Almost every page of web has HTML tags in it to render its details in the browser.

  • Internet Navigation − HTML provides tags that are used to navigate from one page to another and is heavily used in internet navigation.

  • Responsive UI − HTML pages now-a-days works well on all platform, mobile, tabs, desktop or laptops owing to responsive design strategy.

  • Offline support − HTML pages once loaded can be made available offline on the machine without any need for internet.

  • Game development − HTML5 has native support for rich experience and is now useful in gaming development arena as well.

  • Mobile application development − HTML with CSS3 and Javascript can be used for developing cross-platform mobile applications.

  • Multimedia and video streaming − HTML5 offers support for multimedia elements like video and audio, which enables seamless media playback directly in web browsers.

  • Geolocation − Allows websites to request a user’s geographic location. This is helpful for location-based applications and services.

Who Should Learn HTML

This HTML tutorial is designed for aspiring Web Designers and Developers with a need to understand the HTML and its newest versions(HTML5) in enough detail along with its simple overview, and practical examples. This tutorial will give you enough ingredients to start with HTML from where you can take yourself to higher level of expertise.

Prerequisites to Learn HTML

Before proceeding with this tutorial you should have a basic working knowledge of Windows or Linux operating system, additionally, you must be familiar with −

  • Experience with any text editor like Notepad, notepad++, or Edit plus, etc.

  • How to create directories and files on your Computer.

  • How to navigate through different directories.

  • How to type content in a file and save it on a computer.

  • Understanding about images in different formats like JPEG, PNG format.

Careers with HTML

HTML (Hypertext Markup Language) and HTML5 are the backbone of web development. Proficiency in these languages opens doors to n number of job opportunities in various sectors. Here are some key job roles and the types of companies that look for HTML and HTML5 experts −

  • Web Developer − Web development companies like Wix, Weebly, and Squarespace frequently hire HTML and HTML5 developers to create and maintain websites.

  • Front-End Developer − These professionals work on the user interface and user experience of websites. Companies like Adobe, Salesforce, and Mailchimp require front-end developers.

  • Back-End Developer − Backend developers work on server-side logic and databases, and companies like Amazon, Google, and Microsoft often require their expertise.

  • Full-Stack Developer − Full-stack developers are proficient in both front-end and back-end development. Companies like Facebook, Netflix, and Spotify offer opportunities for full-stack developers.

  • Mobile App Developer − Mobile app development companies like Apple, Google, and Uber hire developers with expertise in HTML5 for cross-platform app development.

  • UI/UX Designer − UI/UX designers create visually appealing and user-friendly web interfaces. Companies like Airbnb, Dropbox, and Shopify often seek these professionals.

  • Digital Marketing Specialist − Companies in the digital marketing space, including HubSpot, Moz, and Ahrefs, require HTML skills for optimizing web content and email marketing.

  • Gaming Industry − The gaming industry demands HTML5 expertise for creating web-based games. Companies like Zynga and King offer opportunities.

Frequently Asked Questions about HTML

There are some very Frequently Asked Questions(FAQ) about HTML, this section tries to answer them briefly.

The full form of HTML is Hypertext Markup Language. It is the standard markup language for developing web pages.

HTML is used in web pages for the following reasons −

  • It is used to provide a basic structure to web pages.

  • The HTML tags help search engines understand the content of the web page.

  • The HTML forms enable user interactions and include call-to-action buttons, text fields, checkboxes, and many more.

  • Using HTML, we can embed various types of media like images, audio, video, etc., into a web page.

  • It is also used in the creation of hyperlinks that can point to other web pages, different sections of the same page, or other resources on the web.

To save an HTML file, follow these simple steps −

  • Open a text editor (like Notepad, Sublime Text, Atom, etc.) on your system.

  • Write your HTML code.

  • Click on the "File" menu in your text editor.

  • Click on "Save As".

  • In the dialogue box, choose the location where you want to save the file.

  • Type a name for your file, followed by the .html extension so that the browser interprets it as an HTML file. For example, index.html.

  • Click "Save".

HTML was invented by Tim Berners-Lee, a physicist at CERN, in late 1991. However, the first standard HTML specification was published in 1995.

HTML has several key features as follows −

  • Simplicity − HTML is easy to learn and use. It has a clear and straightforward syntax which makes it simpler for beginners also.

  • Flexibility − HTML allows developers to create a wide variety of web documents, from simple static web pages to complex web applications.

  • Platform Independent − HTML is a standard that is supported by all modern web browsers. This means that an HTML document can be displayed in any web browser on any operating system.

  • Linking − One of the key features of HTML is the ability to create links to other web pages.

  • Embedding Media − It also allows embedding various types of media like images, audio, video, etc., into a web page.

  • Interactivity − HTML provides elements to create interactive forms that allow users to input data. This is crucial for tasks like user registration, submitting search queries, and more.

  • Semantics − HTML5 introduced semantic elements that convey the meaning of the content to the browser and developer. Examples include <header>, <footer>, <article>, and <section>.

  • Integration − HTML works well with other languages that are commonly used in web development, such as CSS (Cascading Style Sheets) and JavaScript. CSS is used for styling and layout of web pages while JavaScript is used for interactivity.

The latest version of HTML is HTML 5 which was drafted in 2008 and accepted in the year 2014 by W3C.

No, HTML is not a programming language. It is a markup language that structures the content on the web. It stands for HyperText Markup Language.

HTML Web Storage (DOM storage) is a feature of HTML5 that allows web applications to store data locally within the user's browser. It stores data in the form of key-value pairs.

There are two types of web storage −

  • localStorage − This object stores data with no expiration date. The data will not be erased when the browser is closed and will be available in the next session.

  • sessionStorage − This object stores data for one session. The data is lost when the browser tab is closed.

To run an HTML file in a browser, first, save your HTML file with a .html extension. For example, index.html. Then, locate your file and double-click to open it in your default browser.

HTML components, also known as HTML elements, are the building blocks of HTML pages. They represent parts of a webpage and are defined by HTML tags. Here are some of the main components −

  • DOCTYPE Declaration − An HTML document starts with a <!DOCTYPE html> declaration followed by a <html> tag.

  • Headings − HTML provides six levels of headings from <h1> to <h6>, with <h1> being the highest (or most important) level and <h6> the lowest.

  • Paragraphs − The <p> tag defines a paragraph.

  • Links − The <a> tag defines a hyperlink, which is used to link from one page to another.

  • Images − The <img> tag is used to embed images in an HTML page.

  • Lists − HTML supports ordered, unordered, and definition lists.

  • Tables − The <table> tag defines a table in HTML.

  • Forms − The <form> tag is used to create an HTML form for user input.

  • Divisions & Sections − The <div> tag is a container unit that encapsulates other page elements and divides the HTML document into sections. HTML5 introduced semantic elements like <section>, <article>, <header>, <footer>, <nav>, etc., which serve a similar purpose but provide additional semantic information.

  • Media Elements − HTML5 introduced media elements like <video> and <audio> which can be used to embed video and audio files in an HTML document.

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