- Biology Notes for UPSC IAS Prelims (Part II)
- Biology - Home
- Biology - Classification of Organisms
- Biology - Cell Division
- Biology - Virus
- Biology - Bacteria
- Biology - Fungi
- Biology - The Roots
- Biology - The Plant Stem
- Biology - The Plant Leaf
- Biology - The Flowers
- Biology - The Fruit
- Biology - Plant Diseases
- Biology - The Blood
- Biology - Blood Group
- Biology - Human Brain
- Biology - Skeleton System
- Biology - Endocrine System
- Biology - Endocrine Diseases
- Biology - Carbohydrate
- Biology - Proteins
- Biology - Fats
- Biology - Vitamins
- Biology - Minerals
- Biology - Genetic Terminology
- Organisms & their Chromosome Counts
- Biology - Viral Diseases
- Biology - Bacterial Diseases
- Branches of Biology
- Inventions & Discoveries in Biology
- Nobel Prize in Biology
Biology - Inventions & Discoveries in Biology
The following table illustrates important inventions and discoveries in Biology −
| Name of inventions/discoveries | Discoverers & Inventors |
|---|---|
| Systemic circulation of blood | William Harvey |
| Observation of microorganisms | Antony van Leeuwenhoek |
| Sex hormones | Eugen Stainak |
| Simple microscope | Anton van Leeuwenhoek |
| Stethoscope | René Laennec |
| First test tube baby | Robert Edward and Patrick Steptoe |
| Vaccination | Edward Jenner |
| Vitamin | Casimir Funk |
| CT scan | Godfrey Hounsfield & Allan Cormack |
| DNA | Rosalind Franklin and Maurice Wilkins |
| DNA Structure | James Watson and Francis Crick |
| DNA Fingerprinting | Alec Jeffreys |
| Electrocardiogram (ECG) | Willem Einthoven |
| 5 kingdom classification | R. H. Whittaker |
| Genetic code | Marshall Nirenberg and Heinrich J. Matthaei |
| Genetic drift | Sewall Wright |
| Father of heart transplantation | Norman Shumway |
| Heart transplantation first performed | Christiaan Barnard |
| Hormone | William Bayliss |
| Insulin | Frederick Banting and Charles H. Best |
| Malaria Parasite | Charles Louis Alphonse Laveran |
| Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) | Damadian |
| Open heart surgery | Dr. Daniel Hale Williams. And Dr. Daniel Williams |
| Penicillin | Alexander Fleming |
| Polio vaccine | Jonas Salk and a team |
| Rh factor in human blood | Dr. Alexander S. Wiener and Karl Landsteiner |
| Cancer | Hippocrates |
| Blood group (ABO group) | Karl Landsteiner |
| Binomial nomenclature | Carl Linnaeus |
| Bacteria (& protozoa) | Van Leeuwenhoek |
| Aspirin | Felix Hoffmann at Bayer in Germany |
| Jarvik-7 (first artificial heart) | Willem Johan Kolff and Robert Jarvik |
| Anthrax vaccine | Pasteur |
| Amoeba | August Johann Rösel von Rosenhof |
| Oxygen in respiration and photosynthesis | Joseph Priestley, Antoine Lavoisier and Jan Ingenhousz |
| Animal electricity | Luigi Galvani |
| Cell | Robert Hooke |
| Cell Theory | Schleiden and Schwann |
| Chromosomes | Hofmeister |
| Chioroplast | Schimper |
| Mitochondria | Kolliker |
| Nucleus | Robert Brown |
| Nucleoplasm | Strasburger |
| Enzyme | Anselme Payen |
| Mitosis | Walther Flemming |
| Meiosis | Oscar Hertwig |
| Mutations | Thomas Hunt Morgan and Lilian Vaughan Morgan |
| Virus | Dmitri Ivanovsky & Martinus Beijerinck |
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